NEW: Adobe Acrobat files showing phylogeny and multiple sequence alignment of SZRV (schizophrenia retrovirus) as an immunodeficiency-related retrovirus; schizophrenia is an auto-immune disorder.  Click your mouse HERE.

Special section on the SARS coronavirus is found HERE

Information in "Notes": Schizophrenia retrovirus (SZRV) is related to HIV, HTLV, and various type-C mammalian retroviruses.

AIDS: An Explosion of the Biological Time-bomb? (ISBN: 1929882033; 117,000 words in 16 chapters) is an exploration of the origin of HIV-1, the virus that causes AIDS.  Below is a recent review of the book filed by the "Midwest Book Review":

"AIDS: An Explosion Of The Biological Time-Bomb? is an historical exploration of leukemia and cancer related research down over the last eighty years in the context of newly emerging diseases such as AIDS, Mad-Cow disease, and other hemorrhagic fevers, as well as other neurological and lymphomotous diseases in different animal species - including primates. Robert Lee's AIDS is an important, exhaustively researched, informatively presented, extensive and comprehensive treatise that should be considered a core title for all medical school, public health center, health advocacy organizations, and community library reference collections across the country."  -- Midwest Book Review: February 2001 -- 

"This is a must have book for the serious investigator of AIDS origin . . ." -- Dr. Alan R. Cantwell, MD --

To get this book click on any of the below online book distributors.

Thesis: HIV-1 is a human-made agent.

Thesis development: An exploration of the last 50 years of the leukemia cancer research paradigm as it existed in birds, rodents, cats, sheep, cows, primates, and humans. Incremental developments leading to the probable development of HIV-1 unfolds.

I have had many medical individuals encourage me to get this book published. I have had nationally-known figures support this book being published. The book anticipates the findings of recent research in HIV-1, Kaposi's Sarcoma, as well as other neurological disorders. You may view the Prologue, Chapter 1, Chapter 7, and Chapter 8 without password protection. There are 16 chapters in the book and much valuable information. You may now purchase this book in e-book form at the above website. A hardcopy version of the book is being published now and should be available for purchase in a month or so. Scroll down this page and you will see a complete table of contents.

To navigate through the book, click on the menu for chapters to the left.

Each chapter is thoroughly documented with hyperlinked footnotes. There are 50-100 footnotes per chapter on average. To see a reference, merely click on the hyperlink and the reference will be displayed at the bottom of your screen. You are encouraged to check references and to draw your own conclusions.

IF you are entering the site by this page, you must click HERE to get to the main page of this site.

Prologue/Introduction: A broad history of biological warfare and leukemia research over the last 60 years as well as a brief history documenting the appearance of HIV-1 on the world-scene. The introduction makes the case for why the present investigation is warranted.

Chapter 1: Historic interest in latent and persistent infections 1930-1945; 1946-1950; a general overview of the period. Early research on T-cell attacking agents. Latent and/or persistent agents as biological weapons. US bioweaponry as "powerful as atomic weapons."

Chapter 2: Activities during the early 1950s; research with birds, mice, rats. Discussion of research on human polio; cancer 1951-1955. Simian foamy viruses; sheep viruses.

Chapter 3: Activities during the late 1950s; research on birds, mice, rats, hamsters. 1956-1960 cat viruses enter the paradigm. 1956-1960 sheep virus research. 1956-1960 cow viruses enter the paradigm. 1956-1960 primate virus research. 1956-1960 human viruses, e.g., adenoviruses, ECHO viruses, polio research; agents attacking the nervous system.

Chapter 4: Activities during 1961-1963; research on birds (Rous sarcoma); mice, rats, e.g., Rauscher leukemia virus; immunodeficiency-causing viruses in rodents. Cat viruses causing immunodeficiency, e.g., Bolin's virus. Sheep-infecting viruses, e.g., maedi and visna viruses. Cow-infecting viruses, e.g., reovirus. Primate foamy virus research; T-cell attacking agents. Human viruses, e.g., Burkitt's lymphoma; B-cell attacking agents; reovirus, adenovirus, cellular antibody/antigen research. SV40 and other foamy primate virus contamination of polio vaccinations.

Chapter 5: Activities 1964-1965; research on birds, mice, rats; T-cell attacking agents. Metabolic enzymes and leukemia; Moloney leukemia virus; Harvey leukemia virus. Co-infections with various viruses and hybrids. Infecting human cells with bird sarcoma virus. Cat-virus research; Feline leukemia virus. Sheep-virus research; maedi and visna viruses. Cow-virus research; bovine lymphosarcoma. The primate sub-paradigm; SV-40 virus. 1964-1965 study of human nervous-system attacking slow-latent viruses, e.g., Kuru, multiple sclerosis, amyltropic lateral sclerosis; Burkitt's lymphoma; adenoviruses. Virus and cellular hybrids.

Chapter 6: Activities 1966-1967. Bird, mouse, rat viruses. Infecting human cells with sarcoma-causing bird viruses. More immunodeficiency-causing mouse viruses, e.g., suckling-mouse virus; Friend virus, Gross virus; Rauscher virus; Moloney virus; Kirsten virus. Infecting various species with different viruses. Cat-virus research; Feline leukemia virus. Sheep-virus research; transmission of maedi-visna virus. Cow viruses; infecting other species. Primate viruses, e.g., SV40; appearance of Marburg virus in humans transmitted from primates. Human leukemia and lymphoma research, e.g., Burkitt's lymphoma; immunological activity of Burkitt's lymphoma virus; cancer research; infecting human cells with cow viruses; T-cell attacking leukemias; metabolic activities of leukemias.

Chapter 7: Activities 1968-1969. Bird, mouse, rat viruses. Herpes infections; Moloney leukemia-sarcoma virus; Friend, Rauscher viruses; Kirsten leukemia-sarcoma virus; more immunodeficiency-causing viruses, e.g., New Zealand mouse disease. Studies of T-cell attacking agents, e.g., LCM. Mouse-mammary tumor virus. Cat immunodeficiency virus; T-cell attacking agents. Infecting cow and pig cells with the sheep-infecting Maedi-visna virus; study of cows infected with bovine lymphosarcoma. Enhancing virus effects with SV40 in primates; lactic dehydrogenase deregulation via virus infection. Development of mouse-human cellular hybrids; Burkitt's lymphoma.

Chapter 8: Activities 1970-1971. Bird, mouse, rat viruses. Oncogenes. Discovery of reverse-transcriptase, retroviruses; RNA-DNA. Moloney virus, Abelson virus; Harvey virus; Friend virus; Mouse mammary-tumor virus. Cat viruses, e.g., fibrosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, RD-114. Sheep and goat viruses, progressive pneumonia virus. Cow viruses; e.g., bovine leukemia virus, lymphosarcoma virus; bovine syncytial virus. Primate viruses, e.g., Mason-Pfizer monkey virus; SV40; simian sarcoma virus. Transforming human cells with mouse and bird cancer-causing viruses; infecting human cells with mouse leukemia/lyphoma-causing viruses. Cross-species infections using leukemia/lyphoma agents. 1970 Department of Defense appropriation for biological warfare agents that cause immunodeficiency.

Chapter 9: Activities 1972-1973. Bird, mouse, rat viruses. Cat viruses. Infecting baboon cells with cat viruses. Sheep viruses. Cow virus research. Primate virus research; isolating new immunodeficiency-causing agents. Transforming vs non-transforming lymphoma viruses. Gibbon leukemia/lymphoma virus. Human leumia viruses; reverse transcriptase in human cells. Developing a "family tree" of immuodeficiency-causing retroviruses. 1972 World Health Organization's call for research on viruses that can selectively target T-cells of the immune system.

Chapter 10: Activities during 1974-1975. Bird, mouse, rat viruses. Kirsten, Rauscher, Abelson viruses. Discovery of other immunologically-impairing viruses. Cat virus research; arguments for "evolutionary development" of immunologically-disruptive viruses. Sheep viruses. Cow viruses; bovine-visna virus. Primate viruses; gibbon ape leukemia virus. Human viruses; SV40 virus causing cancer in humans; Kirsten leukemia signatures in human leukemias; developing an "evolutionary tree" of leukemias -- an effort to disguise past research?

Chapter 11: Activities 1976-1977. Bird, mouse, rat viruses. Understanding the mechanisms of cellular attacks by leukemias. Structure and function of leukemia viruses. Sheep viruses; discussion of human cells infected by visna virus. Cow viruses; moving diseases across species lines. Primate viruses; SV40. Human viruses; SV40. Appearance of "Gay Bowel Syndrome" in California. Kaposi's sarcoma outbreak in Africa. Recognition of structure and functions of various immunodeficiency-causing viruses.

Chapter 12: Activities 1978-1980. Birds, mouse, rat viruses. Sarcomas; temperature-sensitive mutant sarcomas; transforming vs non-transforming sarcoma viruses. Feline sarcoma virus. Sheep viruses. Cow viruses. Infection of human cells with visna virus. Primate viruses; gibbon ape leukemia/sarcoma. Human leukemias; HTLV-1; HTLV-II; T-cell research. Appearance of HTLV-III (now called HIV-1, or AIDS) in humans.

Chapter 13: Activities 1981-1982. Bird, mouse, rat viruses. Genetics, switches, oncogenes. How T-cell attacking agents bind to T-cells. Harvey sarcoma virus; Moloney sarcoma virus. Sheep viruses; antigenic variations of visna. Simian sarcoma virus. Substantial study of T-cell attacking viruses in humans. Burkitt's lymphoma; Kaposi's sarcoma; associations of leukemias and neurologically-attacking agents.

Chapter 14: Activities 1983-1985. Bird, mouse, rat viruses. Structures and functions of oncogenes. Transforming growth factors. Herpes and leukemias/lymphomas. Sheep viruses; trojan-horse mechanisms of attack. Cow viruses; T-cells; human leukemias. Primate viruses; SV40; oncogene of simian sarcoma virus; Simian AIDS; Wooley monkey sarcoma; gibbon ape leukemia. Human leukemias; HTLV-I; HTLV-II; AIDS (formerly known as HTLV-III); HTLV-I and -II as a T-cell attacking agent. Tyrosine phosphorylation, effects of disease; ethnicity.

Chapter 15: Activities 1986-1988. Bird, mouse, rat viruses. T-cell attacking leukemias; sarcomas. Growth factors; influence on disease. Metabolic enzymes; disturbances by disease. Cat viruses; baboon-cat viruses. Cow-viruses; herpes/leukosis viruses; infection of offspring from milk of infected adult. Primate leukemia viruses; SIV-I; the African green monkey. Humans and AIDS; AIDS dementia; how HIV-1 infects cells; HIV-1's comparison to other immunodeficiency causing agents; epidermal growth factor; tyrosine kinase; Philadelphia chromosome; ethnicity and AIDS; Peter Duesburg.

Chapter 16: Epilogue. A recapitulation of important historical notes; important statements from Amos, et. al (1972); US Army document suggesting ethnic-group-specific biological warfare (1975); A restatement of the question: "Where did AIDS come from?" and a likely answer.

If you have read this far, I should like to tell you that I originally wrote this book in 1988. I realize the book is quite technical and is not all that exciting reading however the book is extremely well documented (as you have seen). The book is from the sources and journal articles of record; step-by-step; study-by-study; year-by-year. The result of this work is that the data in the book is subject to check/verification (as it should be) and, while not likely to appeal to a general audience, it will appeal to those who are interested.

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